What Is Elisa And Its Mechanism?

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), also known as an enzyme immunoassay (EIA), is a biochemical technique used mainly in immunology to detect the presence of an antibody or an antigen in a sample. ELISA has been used as a diagnostic tool in plant medicine and pathology and for quality control in various industries as ELISA applications in the food industry.

In simple terms, ELISA binds an unknown amount of antigen to the surface and then applies a specific antibody to the surface so that it can bind to the antigen. You can also buy il6 elisa kit from various online sources.

The antibody binds to the enzyme, and the final step is to add a substance that the enzyme can convert into a detectable signal, most often a color change in the chemical substrate. Performing an ELISA includes at least one antibody with specific antigen specificity.

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A sample with an unknown amount of antigen is immobilized on solid support (usually a polystyrene microtiter plate, see details in the section on ELISA devices) or non-specifically (by surface adsorption) or specifically (by being captured by another specific antibody) the same antigen, in a sandwich ELISA). ).

After the antigen is immobilized, a detecting antibody is added to form a complex with the antigen. The detecting antibody can be covalently bound to an enzyme or it can be detected alone by a secondary antibody bound to an enzyme by bioconjugation.

The antibody incubation section of the ELISA is similar to that of the Western blot. Between each step, the plate is usually washed with a mild detergent solution to remove any unbound protein or antibody specifically. After the final wash, the plate is developed by adding an enzyme substrate to provide a visible signal indicating the amount of antigen in the sample.

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